FERTILIZATION

      Fertilization is the process of fusion of the spermatozoon with the mature ovum. The fertilization process takes approximately 24 hours.

  i) Power orientation

  ii)Leadership as a continuum

  iii) Likert's management system

  iv) Managerial grid

  v)Tri dimensional grid

6. Situational theory or Contingency theory

  i)Fielder’s contingency model 

  ii)Hersey and Blanchard’s situational model

Water is one of the natural resources, which are found in an adequate amount. It is an essential source for the existence of life on the planet earth. It is widely used for various purposes such as drinking, washing, bathing, cleaning, cooking, irrigation, and other industrial and domestic uses.

                 A chalk board or black board is a reusable writing surface made of wood, ply, hardboard, cement, ground glass, asbestos, slate, plastic etc. with black, green, bluish green.

India became the first country in the world to formulate a National Family Planning Programme in 1952, with the objective of "reducing birth rate to the extent necessary to stabilize the population at a level consistent with requirement of national economy".

Principles of Psychiatric Nursing

Pulmonary Edema ;  is a condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the lungs caused by extravasation of fluid from pulmonary vasculature in to  the interstitium and alveoli of the lungs

Gynecomastia is an increase in the amount of breast gland tissue in boys or men, caused by an imbalance of the hormones estrogen and testosterone. Gynecomastia can affect one or both breasts, sometimes unevenly.

Cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease of the liver characterized by extensive degeneration and destruction of the liver parenchymal cells.

A brain tumor (or brain tumour) is an intracranial solid neoplasm, a tumor (defined as an abnormal growth of cells) within the brain or the central spinal canal.

Consciousness can be defined as a state of awareness of one's self and the environment, and others, and assessed through set of responses to that environment.

Skin disorders may be generalized, localized to one or several sites of abnormality known as ‘lesions, or eruptive, in which case many lesions appear spottily over the skin.

Acute renal failure is a syndrome of varying causation that results in a sudden decline in renal function. It is frequently associated with an increase in BUN and creatinine, oliguria (less than 500 mL urine/24 hours), hyperkalemia, and sodium retention.

Diabetes is a condition that results from lack of  the hormone insulin in a person's blood, or  when the body has a problem using the insulin  it produces (insulin resistance).

This is for III year students - to find the notes of neurological system

https://elearn.icon.ac.in/pluginfile.php/267/course/summary/refractive%20errors.pptx

           SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) is a Statistical Package for data analysis, it is a very popular software (Paid) because of its friendly usage in Social & Medical Sciences Research Analytics.

THIS WILL HELP THE STUDENTS TO ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE ON THE STEPS OF NURSING RESEARCH AND APPLY IN PRACTICAL SETTING.

Neonatal resuscitation also known as newborn resuscitation is an emergency procedure focused on supporting the approximately 10% of newborn children who do not readily begin breathing, putting them at risk of irreversible organ injury and death.

THERAPEUTIC PLAY IS THE SPECIALIZED PLAY ACTIVITY WHICH A CHILD ACTS OUT OR EXPRESSES HIS UNCONSCIOUS FEEL INGS. IT IS A CENTRAL MECHANISM IN WHICH CHILDREN COPE, COMMUNICATE, LEARN AND MASTER A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE SUCH AS HOSPITALIZATION. IT IS GUIDED BY HEALTH TEAM MEMBERS

 DS, also called Trisomy 21, is a genetic condition that causes delays in physical and intellectual development. • There is extra genetic material from chromosome 21, so individuals with DS have 47 chromosomes in total instead of the usual 46.

The organization of good quality  special care neonatal unit is essential for reducing the neonatal  mortality and improving the quality of life among survivors.

• mmediate care at birth (delayed cord clamping, thorough drying, assessment of breathing, skin-to-skin contact, early initiation of breastfeeding)
• Thermal care.
• Resuscitation when needed.
• Support for breast milk feeding.
• Nurturing care.
• Infection prevention.
• Assessment of health problems.

• mmediate care at birth (delayed cord clamping, thorough drying, assessment of breathing, skin-to-skin contact, early initiation of breastfeeding)
• Thermal care.
• Resuscitation when needed.
• Support for breast milk feeding.
• Nurturing care.
• Infection prevention.
• Assessment of health problems.

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and release hormones that help control many important body functions, including the body's ability to change calories into energy that powers cells and organs. The endocrine system influences how your heart beats, how your bones and tissues grow, even your ability to make a baby. It plays a vital role in whether or not you develop diabetes, thyroid disease, growth disorders, sexual dysfunction, and a host of other hormone-related disorders.

DEFINITION:

Essential newborn care involves immediate care at the time of birth, and essential care during the entire newborn period. It is needed both in the health facility and at home.

TYPES

1. Type A = pure esophageal atresia; type
   
2.         B = esophageal atresia with proximal tracheoesophageal fistula; type
   
3.         C = esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula; type
   
4.         D = esophageal atresia with proximal and distal tracheoesophageal fistula; type
   
5.         E = H-type tracheoesophageal fistula without esophageal atresia
   

National Health Programmes are launched by the Central Government for the control/ eradication of the communicable diseases, improvement of environmental sanitation, improving the standard of nutrition, control of population and promotion of rural health.

Monitoring of neonates is the keynote to their successful outcome. • Accurate nursing observation is a vital factor in the survival and future development of newborn.The initial physical examination should be performed as soon as after the birth. • All newborns should be thoroughly examined in the first 24-48 hrs of age.

A fracture happens when more force is applied to the bone than the bone can absorb. It can happen from overuse injuries, falls, trauma, or a direct hit to the body. A child with a broken bone may have pain, swelling, and trouble moving the injured area. Treatment may include a cast or splint, pain medicine, or surgery.

Common health problems in babies include colds, coughs, fevers, and vomiting. Babies also commonly have skin problems, like diaper rash or cradle cap. Many of these problems are not serious. It is important to know how to help your sick baby, and to know the warning signs for more serious problems.

RHEUMATIC FEVER:  A disease that can result from inadequately treated strep throat or scarlet fever.

 A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. It can cause changes in your behavior, movements or feelings, and in levels of consciousness.

INSTRUCTOR: 

MS. VAISHNAVI. L

MRS.CHANDRALEKA.E

UNIT - III

KANGAROO MOTHER CARE

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF TOF

Supply of pure uncontaminated safe drinking water is essential to achieve optimum health. Water-borne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly ute transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection com monly results during bathing washing: drinking in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food that is infected.

Ventilation is the intentional introduction of outdoor air into a space. Ventilation is mainly used to control indoor air quality by diluting and displacing indoor pollutants; it can also be used to control indoor temperature, humidity, and air motion to benefit thermal comfort, satisfaction with other aspects of indoor environment, or other objectives.

Quality antenatal care and monitoring is very essential to diagnose and treat maternal disorders that pre-exist or develop during pregnancy

Population policy in general refers to policies intended to the reduce birth rate or growth rate. In April 1976, India formed its first national population policy. In 1977, it was modified. National population policy 2000 is the latest in this series.

Vital Health Statistics' is defined as 'the facts, systemically collected and compiled in numerical form, related to or derived from records of vital events'. These vital events are births, deaths, marriages, illnesses of a particular community

COMMUNITY

COMMUNITY MEANS THE GROUP OF PEOPLE LIVING TOGETHER IN A PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS.

Family Welfare method 

MUMPS

Alternate System of Medicine - Dr.S.RathiDevi

The amniotic fluid that bathes the fetus is necessary for its proper growth and development. It cushions the fetus from physical trauma, permits fetal lung growth, and provides a barrier against infection. Normal amniotic fluid volume varies..

Excessive blood loss after giving birth—known as obstetric hemorrhage and shock—is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide.

The pelvis is the area of the body below the abdomen that is located between the hip bones and contains the bladder and rectum.

Postnatal exercises are started to mother who has recently given birth. We have to give stretches and strengthening.

INSRTUCTOR NAME: PROF.JAMUNARANI.G

INSTRUCTOR NAME: PROF.JAMUNARANI.G

Puerperium is the period following childbirth during which the body tissues, especially the pelvic organs revert back approximately to the pre pregnant state both anatomically and physiologically.

Midwifery is the health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the newborn), in addition to the sexual and reproductive health of women throughout their lives.

INSTRUCTOR NAME: PROF.JAMUNARANI.G

A surgical planned incision on the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall during the second stage of labor is called episiotomy (perineotomy).

DRUGS USED IN OBSTERTRICS

TUTOR-Ms.Sathya.K

INSTRUCTOR NAME: JAMUNARANI.G